The perfect tense needs an auxiliary verb.
But which one – ๐ต๐ฎ๐ฏ๐ฒ๐ป or ๐๐ฒ๐ถ๐ป? Here is the rule that covers the vast majority of cases: ๐ฆ๐๐๐ก – for two categories only: ๐ญ. Change of location (Movement from A to B): gehen, kommen, fahren, fliegen, reisen, laufen Ich bin nach Berlin gefahren.
(I drove to Berlin.)
๐ฎ. Change of state (Transition):
werden, sterben, einschlafen, aufwachsen
Er ist eingeschlafen.
(He fell asleep.)
๐๐๐๐๐ก – for everything else.
๐ญ. Transitive verbs (verbs with an object):
Ich habe einen Apfel gegessen.
๐ฎ. Static verbs / No change of state:
Sie hat viel gearbeitet.
The test – two questions:
Is it a movement from one place to another?
Is it a change from one state to another?
Yes to either? ๐๐ฒ๐ถ๐ป.
No to both? ๐ต๐ฎ๐ฏ๐ฒ๐ป.
This covers the overwhelming majority of sentences you will build at A2 and B1.
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